Basically, natural DNA (can't believe I get to say that) comprises the nucleobases A/C/G/T (adenine/cytosine/guanine/thymine) which pair up A-T and C-G (via hydrogen interactions) and, along with some other junk (a sugar and phosphate group) make up nucleotides, which in turn are the monomers that DNA is composed of.
This team managed to a. insert wholly synthetic bases that b. bonded with each other (so the DNA now has A/C/G/T/x/y) and c. weren't easily susceptible to repair via normal mechanisms, thus the modifications "stick."
This opens up a lot of possibilities since it removes the artificial four "letter" constraint, theoretically allowing researchers to create DNA that could in turn manufacture previously impracticable and/or synthetic proteins. These would obviously have tremendous value in bioscience at least, and maybe in other fields e.g. materials science.
Incredibly exciting work, though at the moment it seems that the specimens must be artificially supplied with building blocks for the novel bases.
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This team managed to a. insert wholly synthetic bases that b. bonded with each other (so the DNA now has A/C/G/T/x/y) and c. weren't easily susceptible to repair via normal mechanisms, thus the modifications "stick."
This opens up a lot of possibilities since it removes the artificial four "letter" constraint, theoretically allowing researchers to create DNA that could in turn manufacture previously impracticable and/or synthetic proteins. These would obviously have tremendous value in bioscience at least, and maybe in other fields e.g. materials science.
Incredibly exciting work, though at the moment it seems that the specimens must be artificially supplied with building blocks for the novel bases.